This study focused on optimizing the performance of energy microgrids, factoring in economic and environmental metrics for day-ahead planning. The proposed microgrid features a combination of hybrid energy resources, which include power, heat, and hydrogen systems. . The interplay between energy, social sustainability, and the economic and environmental dimensions has prompted energy operators to explore various challenges associated with energy operations. In the upper optimization model, the wind–solar–storage capacity optimization model is. . A microgrid is a promising small-scale power generation and distribution system. The selling prices of wind turbine equipment (WT), photovoltaic generation equipment (PV), and battery energy storage equipment (BES) have a significant impact on microgrid profits, which, in turn, affects the planning. .
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